Notes
Matches 451 to 500 of 1,662
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| 451 | Godfather with Elizabeth Bosdet on 15th February 1851 of Jon Abraham Squibb, parents John Squibb and Margaret Bartlett. Also both were godparents to Harriet Elizabeth Squibb on 14th January 1855. | Bosdet, Elizabeth (I2023)
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| 452 | Godfrey III (1142 - died 21 August 1190) was count of Louvain (or Leuven), landgrave of Brabant, margrave of Antwerp, and duke of Lower Lorraine (as Godfrey VIII) from 1142 to his death. He was the son of Godfrey II and Lutgarde of Sulzbach. He was still an infant at his succession (therefore called dux in cunis) of which a few Brabantian vassals sought to take advantage to get independent from the duke (Wars of Grimbergen, 1141-1159). On 30 March 1147, Godfrey was present at the coronation of Henry Berengar, son of Conrad III of Germany, in Aachen. When Conrad left on Crusade, war began anew in 1148. Peace was elusive until the election of Conrad's successor, Frederick Barbarossa. By marriage to Margaret, daughter of Henry II of Limburg, Godfrey united two powerful and antagonistic houses in the region. Their son was Henry I, Duke of Brabant. In 1159 Godfrey ended the war with the Berthout, lords of Grimbergen, by burning their impressive motte at Grimbergen. In 1171, Godfrey was at war with Hainaut, but was defeated. In 1179, he gave his son Henry in marriage to a niece of Philip of Alsace, Count of Flanders. Between 1182 and 1184 Godfrey went on a Jerusalem campaign. In the interim, Barbarossa granted Henry the title "Duke of Brabant". Godfrey died in 1190, on 10 or 21 August. He left an increased territory and built the fortress of Nedelaer (near Vilvoorde). The ducal title was transmitted to his son at the Diet of Schwäbisch Hall (September 1190). Family Godfrey was the son of Godfrey II and Lutgarde of Sulzbach. Godfrey first married Margaret of Limbourg, daughter of Henry II, Duke of Limburg, in 1158. Godfrey and Margaret had two children: Henry I, Duke of Brabant (1165 - 5 Sep 1235). Henry was installed in 1180 as duke of Lower Lorraine until 1222. He was made count of Louvain in 1183, until 1198. He was installed as Duke of Brabant in 1191. Albert de Louvain (1166 - 24 Nov 1192). Albert was elected Bishop of Louvain (Liege) in 1191, but assassinated in Reims in 1192. Godfrey took as his second wife Imagina of Loon, daughter of Louis I, Count of Loon. Godfrey and Imagina had two children: William of Louvain. Lord of Perwez en Ruysbroek. Married Marie of Orbais, daughter of Enguerrand of Orbais. Godfrey of Louvain. He went to England in 1196. Married Alice of Hastings, daughter of Robert of Hastings. | Godfrey III Count of Louvain (I5436)
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| 453 | Godfrey Memorial Library, American Genealogical-Biographical Index, Middletown, CT, USA: Godfrey Memorial Library | Source (S83)
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| 454 | Godiva (Old English: Godgifu, "god gift"), often referred to as Lady Godiva, was an 11th-century Anglo-Saxon noblewoman who, according to legend, rode naked through the streets of Coventry in order to gain a remission of the oppressive taxation imposed by her husband on his tenants. The name "Peeping Tom" for a voyeur originates from later versions of this legend in which a man named Tom had watched her ride and was struck blind or dead. Historical figure Lady Godiva was the wife of Leofric, Earl of Mercia. They had one proved son Aelfgar, Earl of Mercia. Lady Godiva's name occurs in charters and the Domesday survey, though the spelling varies. The Old English name Godgifu or Godgyfu meant "gift of God"; Godiva was the Latinised version. Since the name was a popular one, there are contemporaries of the same name. If she were the same Godiva who appears in the history of Ely Abbey, the Liber Eliensis, written at the end of the 12th century, then she was a widow when Leofric married her. Both Leofric and Godiva were generous benefactors to religious houses. In 1043 Leofric founded and endowed a Benedictine monastery at Coventry on the site of a nunnery destroyed by the Danes in 1016. Writing in the 12th century, Roger of Wendover credits Godiva as the persuasive force behind this act. In the 1050s, her name is coupled with that of her husband on a grant of land to the monastery of St Mary, Worcester and the endowment of the minster at Stow St Mary, Lincolnshire. She and her husband are commemorated as benefactors of other monasteries at Leominster, Chester, Much Wenlock and Evesham. She gave Coventry a number of works in precious metal made for the purpose by the famous goldsmith Mannig, and bequeathed a necklace valued at 100 marks of silver. Another necklace went to Evesham, to be hung around the figure of the Virgin accompanying the life-size gold and silver rood she and her husband gave, and St Paul's Cathedral, London received a gold-fringed chasuble. She and her husband were among the most munificent of the several large Anglo-Saxon donors of the last decades before the Conquest; the early Norman bishops made short work of their gifts, carrying them off to Normandy or melting them down for bullion. The manor of Woolhope in Herefordshire, along with four others, was given to the cathedral at Hereford before the Norman Conquest by the benefactresses Wulviva and Godiva - usually held to be this Godiva and her sister. The church there has a 20th-century stained glass window representing them. Her mark, di Ego Godiva Comitissa diu istud desideravi [I, The Countess Godiva, have desired this for a long time], appears on a charter purportedly given by Thorold of Bucknall to the Benedictine monastery of Spalding. However, this charter is considered spurious by many historians. Even so it is possible that Thorold, who appears in the Domesday Book as sheriff of Lincolnshire, was her brother. After Leofric's death in 1057, his widow lived on until sometime between the Norman Conquest of 1066 and 1086. She is mentioned in the Domesday survey as one of the few Anglo-Saxons and the only woman to remain a major landholder shortly after the conquest. By the time of this great survey in 1086, Godiva had died, but her former lands are listed, although now held by others. Thus, Godiva apparently died between 1066 and 1086. The place where Godiva was buried has been a matter of debate. According to the Chronicon Abbatiae de Evesham, or Evesham Chronicle, she was buried at the Church of the Blessed Trinity at Evesham, which is no longer standing. According to the account in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, "There is no reason to doubt that she was buried with her husband at Coventry, despite the assertion of the Evesham chronicle that she lay in Holy Trinity, Evesham." Dugdale (1656) says that a window with representations of Leofric and Godiva was placed in Trinity Church, Coventry, about the time of Richard II. Legend According to the popular story, Lady Godiva took pity on the people of Coventry, who were suffering grievously under her husband's oppressive taxation. Lady Godiva appealed again and again to her husband, who obstinately refused to remit the tolls. At last, weary of her entreaties, he said he would grant her request if she would strip naked and ride through the streets of the town. Lady Godiva took him at his word and, after issuing a proclamation that all persons should stay indoors and shut their windows, she rode through the town, clothed only in her long hair. Just one person in the town, a tailor ever afterwards known as Peeping Tom, disobeyed her proclamation in one of the most famous instances of voyeurism. In the story, Tom bores a hole in his shutters so that he might see Godiva pass, and is struck blind. In the end, Godiva's husband keeps his word and abolishes the onerous taxes. Some historians have discerned elements of Pagan fertility rituals in the Godiva story whereby a young "May Queen" was led to the sacred Cofa's tree perhaps to celebrate the renewal of spring The oldest form of the legend has Godiva passing through Coventry market from one end to the other while the people were assembled, attended only by two knights. This version is given in Flores Historiarum by Roger of Wendover (died 1236), a somewhat gullible collector of anecdotes, who quoted from unnamed earlier writers. At the time, it was customary for penitents to make a public procession in their shift, a sleeveless white garment similar to a slip today and one which was certainly considered "underwear". Thus, some scholars[who?] speculate, Godiva might have actually travelled through town as a penitent, in her shift. Godiva's story could have passed into folk history to be recorded in a romanticised version. Another theory has it that Lady Godiva's "nakedness" might refer to her riding through the streets stripped of her jewellery, the trademark of her upper class rank. However, both of these attempts to reconcile known facts with legend are weak; in the era of the earliest accounts, the word "naked" is only known to mean "without any clothing whatsoever". A modified version of the story was given by printer Richard Grafton, later elected MP for Coventry. According to his Chronicle of England (1569), "Leofricus" had already exempted the people of Coventry from "any maner of Tolle, Except onely of Horsse (sic.)"[citation needed], so that Godiva ("Godina" in text) had agreed to the naked ride just to win relief for this horse tax. And as a pre-condition, she required the officials of Coventry to forbid the populace "upon a great pain" from watching her, and to shut themselves in and shutter all windows on the day of her ride. Grafton was an ardent Protestant and sanitized the earlier story. The ballad "Leoffricus" in the Percy Folio (ca. 1650) conforms to Grafton's version, saying that Lady "Godiua" performed her ride to remove the customs paid on horses, and that the town's officers ordered the townsfolk to "shutt their dore, & clap their windowes downe," and remain indoors on the day of her ride Peeping Tom The later embellished episode of "Peeping Tom", who alone among the townsfolk peeked at the Lady Godiva riding naked, probably did not originate in literature, but came up through popular lore in the locality of Coventry. Reference by 17th-century chroniclers has been claimed, but in the following all published accounts are 18th-century or later. According to an 1826 article submitted by a person well-versed in local history identifying himself as W. Reader, there was already a well-established tradition before his time that there was a certain tailor who had taken a peek at Lady Godiva, and that at the annual Trinity Great Fair (now called the Godiva Festival) featuring the Godiva processions "a grotesque figure called Peeping Tom" would be set on display, and it was a wooden statue carved from oak. The author has dated this effigy, based on the style of armour he is shown wearing, from the reign of Charles II (d. 1685). The same writer felt the peeper legend had to postdate William Dugdale (d. 1686) since antiquary made no mention in his huge tomes that discussed Coventry in extenso.[30] (It should be noted that the lore about the tailor as peeper and the use of wooden effigy may be as old as the 17th century, but the effigy may not have always been called "Tom". See 1773 date below, and the alternate suggested name "Action".) W. Reader dates the first Godiva procession to 1677, but other sources date the first parade to 1678, and on that year a lad from the household of James Swinnerton enacted the role of Lady Godiva. Regarding the track record of Godiva's peeper as recorded in published writings, the English Dictionary of National Biography gives a meticulous account. The historian Paul de Rapin (1732) reported the Coventry lore that Lady Godiva performed her ride while "commanding all Persons to keep within Doors and from their Windows, on pain of Death" but one man could not refrain from looking and it "cost him his life"; Rapin further reported that the town commemorates this with a "Statue of a Man looking out of a Window." Next, Thomas Pennant in Journey from Chester to London (1782) recounted how "the curiousity of a certain taylor overcoming his fear, he took a single peep". Pennant noted that the person enacting Godiva in the procession was not fully naked of course, but wore "silk, closely fitted to her limbs", which had a color resembling the skin's complexion. (In Chester's time around 1782 silk was worn, but the annotator of the 1811 edition noted that a cotton garment had since replaced the silk fabric.[35]) According to the Dict. Nat. Biog., the oldest document that mentions "Peeping Tom" by name is a record in Coventry's official annals, dating to June 11, 1773, documenting that the city issued a new wig and paint for the wooden effigy. There is further description given on the Godiva procession under the sub-article Lady Godiva in popular culture. There is also said to be a letter from pre-1700, stating that peeper was actually Action (pronounced Actæon?), Lady Godiva's groom. Additional legend proclaims that Peeping Tom was later struck blind as heavenly punishment, or that the townspeople took the matter in their own hands and blinded him. The Peeping Tom story is absent in the few sources contemporary with Godiva. It has been pointed out that Tom (Thomas) is not an Anglo-Saxon name, and therefore hardly likely to be a name of a townsperson governed by Leoffric. Coventry was still a small settlement, with only 69 families (and the monastery) recorded in the Domesday Book some decades later. Lastly, the only recorded tolls were on horses. Thus, it remains doubtful whether there is any historical basis for the famous ride. The story is particularly doubtful since Countess Godiva would herself have been responsible for setting taxation in Coventry; Salic law, which excluded females from the inheritance of a throne or fief, did not apply in Anglo-Saxon society. If only because of the nudity in the story, its popularity has been maintained, and spread internationally, with many references in modern popular culture. | Lady Godiva (I4116)
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| 455 | Godparents: Jean Dean and Elizabeth Meservi | Bosdet, Elizabeth (I6205)
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| 456 | Godparents: Jean Le Sebirel and his wife | Bausdet, Anne (I6550)
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| 457 | Godparents: Jean Richardson and wife Anne Le Bailly. Church 20th July | Coignard, Anne (I6490)
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| 458 | Godparents: Philippe Le Maistre, Jeanne Hubert and Elizabeth Coignard | Coignard, Sophie (I6489)
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| 459 | Gormflaith is the daughter of Murchad MacFinn, King of Leinster. She married, firstly, Olaf Cuaran. She married, secondly, Brian Bóruma mac Cennetig, High King of Ireland, son of Cennetig mac Lorcain, King of Thomond and Be Binn ingen Aurchada. Gormflaith ingen Murchada was born in Naas, County Kildare, Ireland, around 960. She was the daughter of Murchad mac Finn, King of Leinster, sister of his successor, Mael Mórdha mac Murchada, and widow of Olaf Cuaran, the Viking king of Dublin and York. The main source of her life history is the Cogadh Gaedhil re Gallaibh. She was also the mother of King Sigtrygg Silkbeard of Dublin. Gormflaith married Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill after Olaf's death, but she is best known for being the third wife of Brian Ború, the High King of Ireland. She was the mother of Donnchad, who succeeded Brian as King of Munster. In 999, Brian defeated Mael Mordha and Sigtrygg 'Silkbeard' at the Battle of Glen Mama. To negotiate peace, Brian married one of his daughters to Sigtrygg and took Gormflaith as wife. According to Njál's saga, which refers to her as Kormloð: "she was endowed with great beauty... [but] was utterly wicked." She was later divorced by Brian, and she began engineering opposition to the High King. She prompted Sigtrygg into gathering support from Vikings outside Ireland, most notably Earl Sigurd of Orkney and Brodir of the Isle of Man. The conflict she caused came to its climax at the Battle of Clontarf, at which Brian was killed. Brian's forces were victorious, however, and neither Gormflaith nor Sigtrygg were killed, as they were safe behind the walls of Dublin. She died in 1030 | ingen Murchada, Gormflaith (I4283)
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| 460 | Gospatric of High Ireby, Lord of Workington in Coupland. Exchanged his lands with his cousin, William I de Lancaster (son of Gilbert, 4th Baron Kendal, son of Ketel, Baron Kendal, son of Eldred, Baron Kendal) for the lands of William de Lancaster at Workington in Coupland. | Gospatric Lord of Workington (I3291)
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| 461 | Gotfrid, Gotefrid, or Gottfried (Latin: Gotfridus or Cotefredus; died 709) was the Duke of Alemannia in the late seventh century and until his death. He was of the house of the Agilolfing, which was the dominant ruling family in Bavaria. In a document dated to the year 700 in Cannstatt, Gotfrid at the request of a priest named Magulfus donated the castle of Biberburg to the monastery of Saint Gall. Gotfrid fought a war over his de facto independence with the mayor of the palace Pepin of Heristal. The war was unfinished when Gotfrid died in 709. His sons, Lantfrid and Theudebald, had the support of Pepin and succeeded him. Gotfrid married a daughter of Theodo of Bavaria and his third son, Odilo, later ruled in Bavaria. From his son Huoching (Huocin, Houchi, or Hug) came the later stock of the Ahalolfings. His daughter Regarde married Hildeprand of Spoleto, and he left a youngest son named Liutfrid. | Gotfrid Duke of Alemannia (I5506)
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| 462 | Governor of Pickering Castle in Yorkshire. Robert (I) de Neville, Lord of Raby was born circa 1223 at Raby, County Durham, England. He was the son of Geoffrey (VII) de Neville and Joan de Monmouth. He married, firstly, unknown wife (?). He married, secondly, Ida (?) before 13 April 1273. He died before 20 August 1282 at Raby, County Durham, England. He gained the title of Lord of Raby [Feudal]. He gained the title of Lord of Brancepeth [Feudal]. He fought in the campaigns against the Welsh in 1257. He held the office of Keeper of Bamburgh, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Norham and Werk Castles in 1258. He held the office of Sheriff of Northumberland between January 1258 and November 1258. He held the office of Justice of the forests beyond the Trent in 1261. He was commander of the King Henry III's forces beyond the Trent in 1263. He was Captain of the defence of York on 12 June 1263. He held the office of Sheriff of Yorkshire on 13 June 1263. He held the office of Chief Justice of the forests beyond the Trent in 1265. He was Commissioner to hear the pleas of disinherited persons from 1267 to 1268. He was Chief assessor of the fifteenth (a tax) in Northumberland and Westmorland in 1275. He held the office of Keeper of Scarborough Castle in 1277. Child of Robert (I) de Neville, Lord of Raby and unknown wife (?) Robert (II) de Neville b. c 1240, d. 1271 Child of Robert (I) de Neville, Lord of Raby John de Neville b. b 1273 | de Neville, Robert Lord of Raby (I5688)
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| 463 | Gozelo II, Duc de Basse-Lorraine also went by the nick-name of Gozelo 'the Sluggard'. He succeeded to the title of Duc de Basse-Lorraine in 1044. | Gozelo Duc de Basse-Lorraine II (I3266)
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| 464 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Bosdet, George Henry (I2030)
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| 465 | Grand-aunt of Baliol, King of Scotland | de Baliol, Ada (I5762)
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| 466 | Gravestone in St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: 'In rememberence of Tryphosa Widow of the Late Charles Fixott, M.D. Who died at Arichat, C.B. July 16, 1889 Aged 77 years' | Hoyt, Tryphosa Elizabeth (I6592)
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| 467 | Gravestone in St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: 'Mary Ann Fixott beloved wife of Peter Bosdet died June 10, 1907 age 70' Extract from Oct. 5, 1982 "Echoes from the Past" by Marshall J. Bourinot in "The Reporter". Viewed and transcribed from the Nova Scotia Public Archives Collection, Halifax. "Hotels and boarding houses operated livery stables back in earlier days, when horse-drawn carriages would meet ships at ports and the Northside of Isle Madame and Arichat. The "Seaview Hotel" at Arichat operated by the Bosdet family, had a horse-drawn stage coach meet out going and incoming ships serving both the South and North sides of Isle Madame." Directory of Canada & Newfoundland 1898 Arichat, Hotelkeeper - Mrs Peter Bosdet Estate of Thomas Bosdet - Last Will and Testament (made 15 Jan 1863) Know all men by these presents that I Thomas Bosdet of Little Arichat in the County of Richmond and Province of Nova Scotia merchant being sound of mind and memory do make this my last will and Testament this fifteenth day of January in the year Our Lord one thousand, eight hundred and sixty three. In the first place my will is that all my just debts and funeral expenses be paid by my executor hereinafter named from and out of my personal property as may be least prejudiced to the whole, and as soon as possible after my decease, and as to the remainder of my estate both real and personal, I give, devise and and bequeath as follows~ First, I give and devise to my Godson and Nephew Charles Henry Bosdet son of my brother Peter Bosdet, the sum of one hundred pounds Halifax currency, the same to be placed at interest till he attain the age of fourteen years, there the principal and interest to be applied towards his education for a profession or any other business he shall feel inclined to follow also my gold watch and chain, my microscope, my telescope, my violin and one of my silver spoons. Secondly, I give and devise to my nephew Peter Cline Bosdet son of my brother Peter Bosdet the sum of fifty pounds Halifax currency the same to be placed at interest till he attains the age of fourteen years there the principal and interest to be applied towards his education for a profession or any other business he shall feel inclined to follow, also my silver watch and one silver spoon. Thirdly, I give and devise to my sister in law Maryann Bosdet wife of my brother Peter Bosdet all my furniture. Fourthly, I give and devise to my brother Peter Bosdet all the remainder of my estate both real and personal, book accounts, debts, or sums as may be due at the time of my decease. Fifthly and lastly, I do nominate and appoint my said brother Peter Bosdet my executor to this my last will and testament, Hereby revoking all other wills by me made; Witness my hand and seal the day and year aforesaid (signed) Thomas Bosdet | Fixott, Mary Anne Decarteret (I798)
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| 468 | Gravestone in St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: 'Sacred to the memory of Charles Fixott, M.D. who departed this life on the 10 day of February 1854 in his fiftieth year deeply regretted by his family and friends also Tryphosa Elizabeth who died Sep. 30, 1857 in her 11th year Edith Jane who died Nov 16, 1860 children of Charles Fixott, M.D. One of the first doctors to take up residence in Arichat was Dr. Charles Fixott, a native of Jersey, Channel Islands. After his death, his brother, Dr. Henry Cline Fixott, took over his brother's practice and served the residents for 42 years. His brother's son, a graduate of Harvard University of Cambridge, Dr. Henry J. Fixott, also practised in St. Peter's and after his uncle's death returned to Arichat where he resided up to the time of his death in 1916. | Fixott, Charles M D (I6589)
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| 469 | Gravestone St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: Florence H. Bosdet aged 16 years & 11 Mos. died Aug 14, 1883. Erected by her sorrowing parents Stained glass window in St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: 'To the glory of god, and in loving memory of Mary E., Ernest V., George, Thomas, Florence H., Charles H., Peter, Stanley, Cline and Helen Bosdet' Death Notice of Florence Hoyt Bosdet "At West Arichat, C.B. on the 14th, of diptheria, Florence Hoyt, only daughter of Peter and Mary Ann Bosdet, aged 17 years, she is much and deservedly regetted [sic - poor quality copy]. " Death notice in the North Sydney Herald, Aug 22, 1883. Viewed and transcribed from the Nova Scotia Public Archives Collection, Halifax. Private Baptism | Bosdet, Florence Hoyte (I807)
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| 470 | Gravestone St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: In Memoriam Entered into rest Aug 21, 1905, Peter Cline Bosdet second son of Peter Bosdet 1863-1905 Stained glass window in St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: 'To the glory of god, and in loving memory of Mary E., Ernest V., George, Thomas, Florence H., Charles H., Peter, Stanley, Cline and Helen Bosdet' Peter Cline Bosdet was a General Merchant in Arichat. The family home, on Bosdet Point, is still in good condition. It has been owned by various perople who had thought to make a tourist home of it and it has been modernised, with a swimming pool, but the tourist business did not thrive. On October 31, 1905, shortly after Peter Cline Bosdet died, his daughter Helen Cline Bosdet was under 7, and his son Peter Cline Bosdet was under 2 years of age. Guardianship of the two children fell to Roy Ballam. In 1891 Census, Peter Cline Bosdet, 29, was a General Merchant in West Arichat, with an year-round average of 14 employees. West Arichat ~ Richmond County ~ Nova Scotia 1891 Census of Canada Province of Nova Scotia District No. 41, Richmond, Sub-District No. 77 Taken by Aime Terrio, April 6, 1891 - May 8, 1891 In 1901 Census, Peter Cline Bosdet household consisted of : Name Age Birthdate Birthplace Peter Cline Bosdet, General merchant 39 10 June 1861 Beatrice Helen (Ballam) Bosdet 29 3 Nov 1872 Arichat Helen Cline Bosdet 2 19 Dec 1898 West Arichat HISTORY OF WEST ARICHAT 1911 including Martinique, Port Royal, St. Mary's, and Janvrin's Harbour by S.R. LeBlanc Of the two hundred or more families in the parish, all but a dozen or so families belong to the Roman Catholic Church. These others belong either to the Presbyterian or Church of England and every other Sunday,they have services in the late P.C. Bosdet's residence -- being held by the resident Church of England minister of Arichat. Soon after, a Jerseyman, Mr. Peter Bosdet, started a fishing and grocery business at Bosdet's Point which, at his death, was left to one of his sons, Peter Cline. The latter successfully managed it until three years ago when he suddenly died leaving his property to two young children under the direction of Mr. C.P. Lelacheur. The business is beautifully located to the best accommodation of the fishermen and opposite the government wharf. Besides managing P.C. Bosdet's business, Mr. Lelacheur holds the office of Customs and the Telephone Office. living in West Arichat 1891 where he ran a general fish and dry goodsstore. Province/Territory: Nova Scotia District Name: RICHMOND District Number: 39 Sub-district Name: Arichat (West/Ouest) Sub-district Number: b Schedule: 1 Reference: RG31 , Statistics Canada Microfilm Reel Number: T-6455 Finding Aid Number: 31-40 Bapt 7 7 1861 in Little Arichat Baptism Registers ? Canadian Genealogy Index, 1600s-1900s about Peter Bosdett Name: Peter Bosdett Event: Living Province: Nova Scotia County: Richmond Place: West Arichat, Arichat Township Comments: Way office, storekeeper. Source: Nova Scotia Directory for 1871, The Genealogical Research Library, Toronto, 1984. Volume/Page: 251 Source Information: Genealogical Research Library, Ontario, Canada. Canadian Genealogy Index, 1600s-1900s [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005. Original data: Compiled from various family history sources. See source information provided with each entry. | Bosdet, Peter Cline (I799)
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| 471 | Gravestone St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: In memory of Peter Bosdet a native of Jersey who died at Arichat C.B.May 20, 1984 aged 80. Also in memory of his son who died at Pueblo, Mexico Mar 25, 1893 age 36 years. Stained glass window in St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: 'To the glory of god, and in loving memory of Mary E., Ernest V., George, Thomas, Florence H., Charles H., Peter, Stanley, Cline and Helen Bosdet' The St John's Anglican Church with the Bosdet window was built in 1895 to replace the original built in 1827. The window must have been ordered by Mary Ann (Fixott) Bosdet between the death of Cline and Helen in 1905, and Mary Ann's passing in 1907. POWER OF ATTORNEY - CHARLES H. BOSDET Power of Attorney Chas. H. Bosdet To Peter C. Bosdet Dated 24 Oct. 1884, Recorded 13 Nov 1884 Know all men by these presents that I Charles H. Bosdet of Guadalajara, Mexico have made, constituted and appointed and by these presents do make constitute and appoint Peter Cline Bosdet of Arichat County of Richmond Province of Nova Scotia Dominion of Canada a true and lawful attorney for me, and in my name, place and stead and in my behalf and to any use to ask, demand, ___ for recover and receive of Peter Bosdet of Arichat merchant, and all other person and persons whomsoever in the Province of Nova Scotia, all such sum and sums of money, debts and demands whatsoever which now are due and owing unto me the said Charles H. Bosdet by and from the said Peter Bosdet or any other person whomsoever..... Graduated from McGill as an electrical engineer, aged about 21. Hired by Bell Telephone Co. & sent to Mexico to install communication between Mexico City & Puebla. Also did similar work between Mexico City and Guadalahara, and between Mexico City and Guanajuato (was working on this latter project when he died). Imported paraffin from US to Mexico to replace tallow candles. Imported (or invented) bread slicing & wrapping equipment (Ref. Taylor, a friend of CHB's). Invented (?) tortilla-making machine (heated iron slab on which corn meal was laid and pressed. Owned a large block of shares in Pachuca Mine in Pachuca Hidalgo, company which was later taken over by the Mexico Corp. Died after being gored by a bull while pretending to be a bull-fighter (friends owned bull) Grandma Sarah thought Susana's father was from Manchester and her mother was Mexican. | Bosdet, Charles Henry (I1102)
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| 472 | Gravestone St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: Stanley G. V. Bosdet died Nov 15, 1898 aged 33 Years. Erected by his affectionate mother. Stained glass window in St Johns Anglican Church, Arichat, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia: 'To the glory of god, and in loving memory of Mary E., Ernest V., George, Thomas, Florence H., Charles H., Peter, Stanley, Cline and Helen Bosdet' A small booklet: St. John's Church of Isle Madame History 1928-1978 written by M. J. Bourinot "One of the parishioners, the late Stanley Bosdet, operated a stage coach connecting with boat service at the Grandique Ferry. Both he and his mother, the late Mary Ann Bosdet, operated the Seaside Hotel." | Bosdet, Stanley Clement Victor (I806)
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| 473 | Great-granddaughter of Rorgon I, Count of Maine. | Richildis (I5284)
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| 474 | Guilla of Provence or of Burgundy (died before 924) was an early medieval Frankish queen in the Rhone valley. It is certain that she was firstly consort of king Rudolf I of Upper Burgundy (who was proclaimed king in 888 and died on 25 October 911) and later since 912 consort of Hugh of Arles, border count of Provence, who in 926 became king of Northern Italy. Everything else in her genealogy is more or less uncertain. She is believed to have been a daughter of king Boso of Lower Burgundy (Provence), and she is presumed to have been the mother of king Rudolf II of Upper Burgundy and Italy. These two kinships enjoy some indicative support from near-contemporary sources. The first-mentioned kinship would make her a sibling, at least half-sister, of king Louis III of Italy. The second would mean she were an ancestress of the last independent Burgundian royal house, and through it ancestress of last Ottonian emperors, of the last Carolingian king of France, of a number of dukes of Swabia, of the later Guelph dynasty, and of the Salian Imperial House, as well as of practically all European royal families since High Middle Ages. Furthermore, genealogies that are regarded mostly as wishful thinking by critical research, have for centuries claimed that Guilla's mother was Ermengarde of Italy, one of the heiresses of last Carolingians, who was daughter of Emperor Louis II, king of Italy, and became the last of the wives of king Boso of Lower Burgundy. This, however, is fairly unlikely, as Ermengarde's marriage with king Boso took place in 978, a date when Guilla was likely already born. Guilla was the only wife of king Rudolf I of Upper Burgundy. This is not certain, as she possibly was yet of an age capable of child-bearing at her marriage in 912 with the count Hugh, the future Italian king; and her first husband, the king Rudolf I, is mentioned as having several children already by 888 (who thus could have been born of an earlier, to us unknown, wife of Rudolf). Queen Guilla's date of death, after 912 and before 924, is determined because of a charter (expressing her to be dead) dated in 924. After her death, in 926, her widower, Count Hugh, took over the kingdom of Italy from Rudolf II of Burgundy (who was either stepson or own son of Guilla). | of Provence, Guilla (I5401)
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| 475 | Guillaume d'Aubigny was the son of Roger d'Aubigny.2 He married Maud le Bigod, daughter of Roger le Bigod and Alice de Tosny.2 He held the office of Lord of the Manor of Buckenham, Norfolk. He migrated from the Côtentin to England. | d'Aubigny, Guillaume (I3734)
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| 476 | Guillaume I 'Longsword', 2nd Duc de Normandie was born circa 900 at Normandy, France. He was the son of Rollo Ragnvaldsson, 1st Duc de Normandie and Poppa of Normandy de Valois. He married Sprota circa 932 in a Normandy marriage. He married Luitgarda de Vermandois, daughter of Heribert II, Comte de Vermandois and Liégarde de France, in 935. He died on 17 December 942 at Normandy, France, murdered. He succeeded to the title of 2nd Duc de Normandie in 925. From Wikipedia William I Longsword (French: Guillaume Longue-Épée, Latin: Willermus Longa Spata, Old Norse: Vilhjálmr Langaspjót) (893 - 17 December 942) was the second Duke of Normandy from his father's death until his own assassination. The title dux (duke) was not in use at the time and has been applied to early Norman rulers retroactively. William actually used the title comes (count). Biography Little is known about his early years. He was born in Bayeux or Rouen to Rollo and his wife Poppa. All that is known of Poppa is that she was a Christian, and the daughter to Berengar of Rennes, the previous lord of Brittania Nova, which eventually became western Normandy. According to the William's planctus, he was baptised a Christian. William succeeded Rollo sometime around 927 and, early in his reign, faced a rebellion from Normans who felt he had become too Gallicised and also from Bretons. According to Orderic Vitalis, the leader was Riouf of Evreux. After putting down the rebellion, William attacked Brittany and ravaged the territory. Resistance to the Normans was led by Alan Wrybeard and Beranger but shortly ended with the Wrybeard fleeing to England and Beranger seeking reconciliation. However, it was not through invasion that he gained Breton territory but by politics, receiving Contentin and Avranchin as a gift from Rudolph, King of France. In 935, William married Luitgarde, daughter of Herbert II of Vermandois whose dowry gave him the lands of Longueville, Coudres and Illiers l'Eveque. His expansion northwards, including the fortress of Montreuil brought him into conflict with Arnulf I of Flanders. In 939 William became involved in a war with Arnulf I of Flanders, which soon became intertwined with the other conflicts troubling the reign of Louis IV. It began with Herluin appealing to William for help to regain the castle of Montreuil from Arnulf. Losing the castle was a major setback in Arnulf's ambitions and William's part in it gained him a deadly enemy. He was ambushed and killed by followers of Arnulf on 17 December 942 at Picquigny on the Somme while at a meeting to settle their differences. By Sprota, a Breton captive and his concubine, he had a son Richard the Fearless, who succeeded him. | William I Duke of Normandy (I602)
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| 477 | Gundred or Gundreda (Latin: Gundrada) (Normandy?, ca. 1048/1063 - Castle Acre, Norfolk, 27 May 1085) was probably born in Flanders, sister of Gerbod the Fleming, 1st Earl of Chester. She is explicitly so called by Orderic Vitalis, as well as the chronicle of Hyde Abbey. Late Lewes Priory tradition made her daughter of William the Conqueror by his spouse Matilda of Flanders, but this is not accepted by modern historians. The early 19th-century writer Thomas Stapleton argued that she was a daughter of Matilda, born prior to her marriage to William. Edmond Chester Waters and Edward Augustus Freeman showed that this too could not be supported though some genealogical sources continue to make the assertion that she was William's daughter. Gundred married in Normandy before 1070 or in 1077 William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey (d. 20 June 1088), who rebuilt Lewes Castle, making it his chief residence. In 1078 he and Gundred founded a Cluniac Priory at Southover, adjoining Lewes, where both were buried. She died in childbirth at Castle Acre, Norfolk, one of her husband's estates, and was buried beside him at the Chapterhouse of Lewes Priory. In the course of the centuries which followed both tombstones disappeared from the priory but in 1774 William Burrell, Esq., an antiquary, discovered Gundred's in Isfield Church (seven miles from Lewes), over the remains of Edward Shirley, Esq., (d. 1550), whose father John was Clerk of the Kitchen to King Henry VII, and had it removed on October 2, 1775, to St. John's Church, Southover, the nearest place to its original site, and placed inside and at the south-west corner of the church, where, until 1847, it could be seen on the floor between pews with a very fine inscription detailing its origins etc. In 1845, during excavations through the Priory grounds for the Brighton Lewes and Hastings Railway, the lead chests containing the remains of the Earl and his Countess were discovered. They were deposited temporarily beneath Gundred's tombstone. In 1847 a Norman Revival chapel was erected by public subscription, adjoining the present vestry and chancel. Prior to re-interring the remains in this chapel, both chests were opened to ascertain if there were any contents, which was found to be the case. New chests were made and used, and the ancient ones preserved and placed in two recessed arches in the southern wall. The Earl's chest has lost some lead. Gundred's chest remains in a good state of preservation. Across the upper part of the right arch is the name Gvndrada. Her tombstone is of black marble. The children of William de Warenne and Gundred were: William II de Warenne (d. 11 May 1138), buried in Lewes Priory. Reginald de Warenne, an adherent of Robert of Normandy. Edith de Warenne, married, firstly, Gerard, Baron de Gournay | Gundred (I4089)
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| 478 | Gunnor de Crêpon was born circa 936 at Normandy, France. She is the daughter of unknown de Crepon. She married Richard I, 3rd Duc de Normandie, son of Guillaume I 'Longsword', 2nd Duc de Normandie and Sprota, in 962. She died in 1031. She was also known as Gunnora. Gunnora (or Gunnor) (c. 936 - 1031) was the wife and consort of Richard I of Normandy. Her parentage is unknown, earliest sources reporting solely that she was of Danish ancestry and naming siblings including brother Herfast de Crepon who is sometimes erroneously given as her father. She was living with her sister Seinfreda, the wife of a local forester, when Richard, hunting nearby, heard of the beauty of the forester's wife. He is said to have ordered Seinfreda to come to his bed, but the lady substituted her unmarried sister, Gunnora. Richard, it is said, was pleased that by this subterfuge he had been saved from committing adultery, and the two became lovers. Gunnora long acted as Richard's mistress or wife by more danico, but when Richard was prevented from nominating their son Robert to be Archbishop of Rouen, the two were married, making their children legitimate in the eyes of the church. Gunnora, both as mistress and duchess, was able to use her influence to see her kin favored, and several of the most prominent Conquest-era Norman magnates, including the Montgomery, Warenne, Mortimer, Vernon/Redvers, and Fitz Osbern families, were descendants of her brother and sisters. Richard and Gunnora were parents to several children: Richard II "the Good", Duke of Normandy (966) Robert, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux, died 1037. Mauger, Earl of Corbeil, died after 1033. Robert Danus, died between 985 and 989 Emma of Normandy (c. 985-1052) wife of two kings of England. Maud of Normandy, wife of Odo II of Blois, Count of Blois, Champagne and Chartres Hawise of Normandy, wife of Geoffrey I of Brittany | Gunnora Duchess of Normandy (I2500)
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| 479 | Guy I of Ponthieu (died 13 October 1100) was born sometime in the mid to late 1020s. He succeeded his brother Enguerrand as Count of Ponthieu. Life Guy was a younger son of Hugh II, Count of Ponthieu and about 1053 succeeded his brother Enguerrand II, as Count of Ponthieu. The Ponthievin alliance with Duke William of Normandy had earlier been secured by the marriage of Enguerrand to Adelaide of Normandy, Duke William's sister. But the marriage was apparently annulled due to consanguinity c.1149/50. Enguerrand's and Guy's sister was married to William of Talou, son of Richard II, Duke of Normandy. William of Talou had built a strong castle at Arques, and from it (in 1053) he defied his nephew the youthful Duke of Normandy.[5] As "family", the comital house of Ponthieu supported the rebellion. Duke William put Arques under siege, and then remained mobile with another force in the countryside nearby. He was aware that Normandy was being threatened by the armies of King Henry of France, who wanted to bring his young, former vassal to heel; and that Normandy's erstwhile allies from Ponthieu would also be coming to break the siege of Arques. Young Count Enguerrand led a Ponthievin army into the Talou to relieve Arques, and arrived first, but Duke William successfully ambushed them and Enguerrand was killed (legend says, within sight and sound of the walls of Arques, from which his sister witnessed the demise of her brother). Upon learning of this serious reverse, the vacillating Henry withdrew his forces at once back across the Norman border. William of Talou was compelled to surrender Arques and was banished for life. (Alternatively, the story goes that Henry reinforced Arques, and Duke William lured part of the French army, including Enguerrand and the Ponthievins, away by a feigned flight, then turned on them and won a battle: Henry then withdrew, forcing the surrender of Arques not long after.) With the death of his older brother (who was without male issue or heirs), Guy assumed the comital duties: this is the first mention of Guy in the historical record. In February 1054, Henry was again ready to chastise Duke William: he reentered the duchy with a large army of his own liegemen and an Angevin army led by Count Geoffrey of Anjou. This combined force moved down the Seine toward Rouen, while Henry's brother Eudes "led" a second army, along with Guy and Count Rainald of Clairmont. The Franco-Ponthievin army was undisciplined, and fragmented out of control to plunder and pillage the countryside around Mortemer. They were attacked suddenly by Normans from Eu and other districts of northeastern Normandy. In the Battle of Mortemer, Guy's younger brother Waleran was mortally wounded, and Guy himself was captured. He spent two years as a prisoner in Normandy, while his uncle, Bishop Guy of Amiens, ruled Ponthieu as regent. Evidently, from this point on, Count Guy was a vassal of Duke William of Normandy. Harold Godwinson and the Battle of Hastings In 1064, Harold Godwinson, the Earl of Wessex, was shipwrecked on the shores of Ponthieu and captured by Count Guy who took him to his castle of Beaurain on the River Canche, as the Bayeux Tapestry relates: hic apprehendit wido Haroldum et duxit em ad Belrem et ibi eum tenuit ("Here Guy seized Harold and led him to Beaurain and held him there"). Duke William demanded the release of the earl, and Count Guy delivered Harold Godwinson up after being paid a ransom for him. Harold was not released from Normandy until he too had sworn on the Holy Relics to be Duke William's vassal, and to aid him to the throne of England. (This story is pictured prominently in the Bayeux Tapestry where he is called Wido.) In 1066, Harold accepted the crown of England upon the death of Edward the Confessor, thus precipitating the war that resulted in the Norman Conquest. According to a very convincing interpretation of The Carmen de Hastingae Proelio, Hugh, another of Guy's brothers, was a participant in the Battle of Hastings, and had a hand in the slaying of Harold. Guy I had a son, Enguerrand, who must have died before the Carmen was composed (no later than 1068): when the Carmen refers to Hugh, Guy's brother, as "the noble heir of Ponthieu", we must assume Enguerrand's death as a fact, either at the time of the Conquest, or shortly before. Issue His daughter, Agnes, married Robert of Bellême. Their son, William III of Ponthieu, assumed the comital title upon the death of his mother, sometime before 1111. | Guy I Count of Ponthieu (I5010)
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| 480 | Gwladus Du ferch Llywelyn was the daughter of Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, Prince of North Wales and Tangwystyl Goch. She married, firstly, Reynold de Briouze, son of William de Briouze and Maud de Saint Valéry, in 1215. She married, secondly, Ralph de Mortimer, son of Roger de Mortimer and Isabel de Ferrieres, after 1228. Gwladus Du ferch Llywelyn also went by the nick-name of Gwladus 'the Dark'. Gwladus Ddu, ("Gwladus the Dark"), full name Gwladus ferch Llywelyn (died 1251) was a Welsh noblewoman who was a daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd and married two Marcher lords. Sources differ as to whether Gwladus was Llywelyn's legitimate daughter by his wife Joan or an illegitimate daughter by Tangwystl Goch. Some sources say that Joan gave her lands to Gwladus, which suggests, but does not prove, the former. Gwladus is recorded in Brut y Tywysogion as having died at Windsor in 1251. Marriage She married firstly, Reginald de Braose, Lord of Brecon and Abergavenny in about 1215, but they are not known to have had any children. After Reginald's death in 1228 she was probably the sister recorded as accompanying Dafydd ap Llywelyn to London in 1229. She married secondly, Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore about 1230. Ralph died in 1246, and their son, Roger de Mortimer, inherited the lordship. Issue Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Wigmore, in 1247, married Maud de Braose, by whom he had seven children. Hugh de Mortimer John de Mortimer Peter de Mortimer | Du ferch Llywelyn, Princess Gwladus (I3586)
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| 481 | Gwylog ap Beli (695?-725) was one of the rulers of the Kingdom of Powys, son of Beli ap Eiludd. | ap Beli, Gwylog (I5617)
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| 482 | Had 6 children. | Medcalf, Unknown (I197)
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| 483 | Hallad Ragnvaldsson, Earl of Orkney is the son of Ragnvald I 'the Wise' Eysteinsson, Earl of More and Groa. He was also known as Earl of Orkney. | Orkney, Hallad Ragnvaldsson Earl of (I4171)
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| 484 | Hamburgisches Adress-Buch für 1847, Hamburg: Hermann's Erben, 1847 | Source (S85)
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| 485 | Harold II Godwinson, King of England was born between 1020 and 1022.3 He was the son of Godwine, Earl of Wessex and Gytha (?).2 He and Adeliza de Normandie were engaged circa 1063.4 He married Ealdgyth (?), daughter of Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia and Elfleda (?), circa 1064 at York, Yorkshire, England.3 He died on 14 October 1066 at Hastings, Sussex, England, a blow from a sword wielded by a mounted Norman knight. He was buried at Waltham Abbey, Essex, England. He and Eadgyth Swanneshals (?) were associated. He gained the title of Earl of East Anglia circa 1045. He succeeded to the title of Earl of Wessex on 15 April 1053. He gained the title of Earl of Hereford in 1058. He succeeded to the title of King Harold II of England on 6 January 1066. He fought in the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066. Harold was the son of Godwin, Earl of Wessex, and the brother-in-law of Edward the Confessor. Before coming to the throne Harold had been captured in France and, under duress, is alleged to have sworn that he would not accept the English crown but would support William of Normandy's claim. When Edward the Confessor died the Wittan (Council) elected Harold to succeed him and he was crowned at Westminster Abbey. In Sept 1066 King Harold Hardrada of Norway and Tostig, Harold of England's half brother, sailed up the Humber and landed at Ricall near York. King Harold marched his army from the South up Ermine Street and decisively defeated the invaders at Stamford Bridge on 25th Sept. Meanwhile, William of Normandy was assembling his forces at the mouth of the Somme and as soon as the wind was favourable he crossed the Channel and landed at Pevensey on the 28th September. Harold force marched south and reached Battle near Hastings on the 13th Oct. The following day, Saturday 14th October 1066, is probably the most memorable in English History. Each army consisted of about 7,000 men but the Normans had the advantage of bow-men and cavalry while the English relied on axe and spear-men. The battle raged fiercely all day and in the evening, William ordered his archers to shoot high so that the arrows would drop vertically. Harold was struck in the right eye and mortally wounded. | Harold II Godwinson King of England (I1847)
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| 486 | At least one living or private individual is linked to this note - Details withheld. | Harriott, Alfred (I6300)
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| 487 | Hawise or Hadewis (lived early 12th century), whose origin and parentage are unknown, was the wife of William fitzBaderon, who held Monmouth, Wales and lived in Monmouth Castle from the year 1082 on the orders of King William I of England. Monmouth was previously held by William's uncle, Withenoc, who never married and retired from this charge to become a monk. Hawise is the first woman resident of Monmouth whose name is recorded. Hawise and William fitzBaderon had two daughters and one son: Iveta and Advenia were their daughters, one of whom married a member of the de Cormeilles family. The children of this marriage, grandsons to Hawise and William, were Richard, Robert and Alexander de Cormeilles. Baderon fitzWilliam was their son. He was his father's successor as lord of Monmouth and held the lordship until about 1170/1176. In 1101, when William presented the newly completed St Mary's Priory Church and its attached Priory to the parent Abbey of Saint-Florent de Saumur, along with the revenues of several local churches, the donation was formally confirmed by Hawise, Iveta and Advenia. On 18 March 1101 or 1102 the Priory Church was consecrated by Hervey le Breton, bishop of Bangor, in the presence of abbot William of Saint-Florent de Saumur and of Bernard, King Henry I's chaplain. On this occasion Hawise and her two daughters made crosses that were used in the ceremonial. | of Monmouth, Hawise (I5589)
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| 488 | He and Mathilde Salian were engaged. He was a member of the House of Capet. He succeeded to the title of Roi Henri I de France in 1031. Henry I (4 May 1008 - 4 August 1060) was the King of the Franks from 1031 to his death. The royal demesne of France reached its smallest size during his reign, and for this reason he is often seen as emblematic of the weakness of the early Capetians. This is not entirely agreed upon, however, as other historians regard him as a strong but realistic king, who was forced to conduct a policy mindful of the limitations of the French monarchy. Reign A member of the House of Capet, Henry was born in Reims, the son of King Robert II (972-1031) and Constance of Arles (986-1034). He was crowned King of France at the Cathedral in Reims on 14 May 1027, in the Capetian tradition, while his father still lived. He had little influence and power until he became sole ruler on his father's death. The reign of Henry I, like those of his predecessors, was marked by territorial struggles. Initially, he joined his brother Robert, with the support of their mother, in a revolt against his father (1025). His mother, however, supported Robert as heir to the old king, on whose death Henry was left to deal with his rebel sibling. In 1032, he placated his brother by giving him the duchy of Burgundy which his father had given him in 1016. In an early strategic move, Henry came to the rescue of his very young nephew-in-law, the newly appointed Duke William of Normandy (who would go on to become William the Conqueror), to suppress a revolt by William's vassals. In 1047, Henry secured the dukedom for William in their decisive victory over the vassals at the Battle of Val-ès-Dunes near Caen. A few years later, when William married Matilda, the daughter of the count of Flanders, Henry feared William's potential power. In 1054, and again in 1057, Henry went to war to try to conquer Normandy from William, but on both occasions he was defeated. Despite his efforts, Henry I's twenty-nine-year reign saw feudal power in France reach its pinnacle. Henry had three meetings with Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor-all at Ivois. In early 1043, he met him to discuss the marriage of the emperor with Agnes of Poitou, the daughter of Henry's vassal. In October 1048, the two Henries met again, but the subject of this meeting eludes us. The final meeting took place in May 1056. It concerned disputes over Lorraine. The debate over the duchy became so heated that the king of France challenged his German counterpart to single combat. The emperor, however, was not so much a warrior and he fled in the night; despite this, Henry did not get Lorraine. King Henry I died on 4 August 1060 in Vitry-en-Brie, France, and was interred in Saint Denis Basilica. He was succeeded by his son, Philip I of France, who was 7 at the time of his death; for six years Henry I's Queen, Anne of Kiev, ruled as regent. He was also Duke of Burgundy from 1016 to 1032, when he abdicated the duchy to his brother Robert Capet. Marriages and family Henry I was betrothed to Matilda, the daughter of the Emperor Conrad II (1024-39), but she died prematurely in 1034. Henry I then married Matilda, daughter of Liudolf, Margrave of Frisia, but she died in 1044, following a Caesarean section. Casting further afield in search of a third wife, Henry I married Anne of Kiev on 19 May 1051. They had four children: Philip I (23 May 1052 - 30 July 1108) Emma (born 1054, date of death unknown) Robert (c. 1055 - c. 1060) Hugh the Great (1057-1102) | Henry I of France (I1880)
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| 489 | He and Rosela of Italy were divorced in 992. He married, firstly, Rosela of Italy, daughter of Berenger I of Fuili, Emperor of Italy, in 992. He married, secondly, Bertha de Bourgogne, daughter of Conrad, Roi de Jurane Bourgogne and Mathilde de France, in 996. He married, thirdly, Constance d'Arles, daughter of Guillaume III Taillefer, Comte de Provence and Adelaide d'Anjou, in 1003. He was also reported to have been married circa 1000. He and Bertha de Bourgogne were divorced in 1000 on the grounds of consanguinity. Robert II, Roi de France also went by the nick-name of Robert 'the Pious'. He was a member of the House of Capet. He gained the title of Roi Robert II de France in 996. Robert II (27 March 972 - 20 July 1031), called the Pious (French: le Pieux) or the Wise (French: le Sage), was King of the Franks from 996 until his death. The second reigning member of the House of Capet, he was born in Orléans to Hugh Capet and Adelaide of Aquitaine. Co-rule with father Immediately after his own coronation, Robert's father Hugh began to push for the coronation of Robert. "The essential means by which the early Capetians were seen to have kept the throne in their family was through the association of the eldest surviving son in the royalty during the father's lifetime," Andrew W. Lewis has observed, in tracing the phenomenon in this line of kings who lacked dynastic legitimacy. Hugh's claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated a co-king, should he die while on expedition. Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility. Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the claims of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain. Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December 987. A measure of Hugh's success is that when Hugh died in 996, Robert continued to reign without any succession dispute, but during his long reign actual royal power dissipated into the hands of the great territorial magnates. Robert had begun to take on active royal duties with his father in the early 990s. In 991, he helped his father prevent the French bishops from trekking to Mousson in the Kingdom of Germany for a synod called by Pope John XV, with whom Hugh was then in disagreement. Marital problems As early as 989, having been rebuffed in his search for a Byzantine princess, Hugh Capet arranged for Robert to marry the recently-widowed daughter of Berengar II of Italy, Rozala, who took the name of Susannah upon becoming Queen. She was many years his senior. She was the widow of Arnulf II of Flanders, with whom she had children, the oldest of whom was of age to assume the offices of count of Flanders. Robert divorced her within a year of his father's death. He tried instead to marry Bertha, daughter of Conrad of Burgundy, around the time of his father's death. She was a widow of Odo I of Blois, but was also Robert's cousin. For reasons of consanguinity, Pope Gregory V refused to sanction the marriage, and Robert was excommunicated. After long negotiations with Gregory's successor, Sylvester II, the marriage was annulled. Finally, in 1001, Robert entered into his final and longest-lasting marriage to Constance of Arles, the daughter of William I of Provence. Her southern customs and entourage were regarded with suspicion at court. After his companion Hugh of Beauvais urged the king to repudiate her as well, knights of her kinsman Fulk Nerra had Beauvais murdered. The king and Bertha then went to Rome to ask Pope Sergius IV for an annulment so they could remarry. After this was refused, he went back to Constance and fathered several children by her. Her ambition alienated the chroniclers of her day, who blamed her for several of the king's decisions. However, they remained married until his death in 1031. Piety Robert, however, despite his marital problems, was a very devout Catholic, hence his sobriquet "the Pious." He was musically inclined, being a composer, chorister, and poet, and making his palace a place of religious seclusion, where he conducted the matins and vespers in his royal robes. However, to contemporaries, Robert's "piety" also resulted from his lack of toleration for heretics: he harshly punished them. Indeed, he is credited with advocating forced conversions of local Jewry, as well as mob violence against Jews who refused. Furthermore, Robert reinstated the Roman imperial custom of burning heretics at the stake. Military career The kingdom Robert inherited was not large, and in an effort to increase his power, he vigorously pursued his claim to any feudal lands which became vacant, which action usually resulted in war with a counter-claimant. In 1003, his invasion of the Duchy of Burgundy was thwarted and it would not be until 1016 that he was finally able to get the support of the Church and be recognized as Duke of Burgundy. The pious Robert made few friends and many enemies, including his own sons: Hugh Magnus, Henry, and Robert. They turned against their father in a civil war over power and property. Hugh died in revolt in 1025. In a conflict with Henry and the younger Robert, King Robert's army was beaten and he retreated to Beaugency outside Paris, his capital. He died in the middle of the war with his sons on 20 July 1031 at Melun. He was interred with Constance in Saint Denis Basilica. He was succeeded by his son Henry, in both France and Burgundy. Children Robert had no children from his short-lived marriage to Susanna. His illegal marriage to Bertha gave him one stillborn son in 999, but only Constance gave him surviving children: Hedwig (or Advisa), Countess of Auxerre (c. 1003 - after 1063), married Renauld I, Count of Nevers on 25 January 1016 and had issue. Hugh Magnus, co-king (1007 - 17 September 1025) Henry I, successor (4 May 1008 - 4 August 1060) Adela, Countess of Contenance (1009 - 5 June 1063), married (1) Richard III of Normandy and (2) Count Baldwin V of Flanders. Robert (1011 - 21 March 1076) Odo or Eudes (1013-c.1056), who may have been mentally retarded and died after his brother's failed invasion of Normandy Constance (born 1014, date of death unknown), married Manassès de Dammartin Robert also left an illegitimate son: Rudolph, Bishop of Bourges. | Robert II of France (I3324)
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| 490 | He continued to amass land in England, and by 1128 also had been granted land in Staffordshire and Leicestershire. Hagger suggests that he also had assumed an administrative position for Henry I, and was possibly sheriff of Yorkshire in 1100. | Bertram II de Verdun (I5582)
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| 491 | He died after 1215, young. | of Huntingdon, Henry (I455)
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| 492 | He died before 1166 at Bronllys Tower, Breconshire, Wales, mortally hurt by a stone dropped from the tower, without issue. He held the office of King's Constable. He succeeded to the title of Lord Abergavenny [Feudal] circa 1164. | of Hereford, William (I35)
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| 493 | He died before 883, killed. He succeeded to the title of King Ceolwulf II of Mercia in 874. | Ceolwulf King of Mercia II (I1852)
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| 494 | He died circa 1081 at New Forest, Hampshire, England, killed in an accident with a stag, while hunting, unmarried. He gained the title of Duke of Bernay [Norman]. | of Bernay, Richard Duke of Bernay (I4468)
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| 495 | He died circa 1114, strangled by Donald Bane, young. | of Scotland, Malcolm (I2547)
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| 496 | He died circa 1160, without issue. He held the office of King's Constable. He succeeded to the title of Lord Abergavenny [Feudal] in 1155. He held the office of Sheriff of Gloucester between 1155 and 1157. He held the office of Sheriff of Hereford between 1155 and 1159. | of Hereford, Walter (I36)
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| 497 | He died circa 1164, without issue. He held the office of King's Constable. He succeeded to the title of Lord Abergavenny [Feudal] circa 1163. In January 1163/64 he was present at the Council of Clarendon. | of Hereford, Mahel (I2212)
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| 498 | He died circa 757, possibly killed. He succeeded to the title of King Sigebeorht of Wessex in 756. He was deposed as King of Sussex in 757. | Sigebeorht King of Wessex (I2135)
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| 499 | He died in 1010, killed in action. He held the office of Baillie of Dule. He gained the title of Thane of Strathearn. He fought in the Battle of Mortlach in 1010. | Grim Thane of Strathearn (I183)
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| 500 | He died in 1015, killed by his brother, Svyatopolk. | of Kiev, Boris (I2204)
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